Core Python

Chapter 2 — Python Fundamentals

📚 Chapter Overview

Python is known for its simplicity. In this chapter, you will learn how Python handles data using dynamic typing, explore basic math and logic operations, and interact with users through the keyboard.

Learning Objectives:

2.1 Variables and Dynamic Typing

Part 1 — Definition

In Python, variables are created when you assign a value to them. Unlike Java or C++, Python is Dynamically Typed, meaning you don't need to specify the type of data. The interpreter figures it out automatically based on the value provided.

Part 2 — Syntax

name = "Intelle Learn"
age = 20
price = 19.99
is_active = True

Part 3 — Example

Problem: Swap two numbers without using a third variable.

script.py 
a = 10
b = 20
a, b = b, a
print(f"a: {a}, b: {b}")

Output: a: 20, b: 10

Part 4 — Video

Video: Coming Soon

2.2 Python Input and Output

Part 1 — Definition

Interacting with users is essential for any script. The input() function reads text from the keyboard as a string. To treat it as a number, you must "Cast" it using int() or float(). Output is handled by the print() function.

Part 2 — Syntax

user_val = input("Enter your name: ")
age = int(input("Enter age: "))
print("Hello", user_val)

Part 3 — Example

Problem: Calculate the area of a circle based on user input.

script.py 
radius = float(input("Enter Radius: "))
area = 3.14 * (radius ** 2)
print(f"The area is: {area:.2f}")

Output: (If radius is 5) The area is: 78.50

Part 4 — Video

Video: Coming Soon

🏆 Chapter Challenge

Challenge Objective

Build a "Smart Tip Calculator" that takes inputs and performs type casting and formatting.

Requirements

Step-by-Step Process

  1. Use input() and cast to appropriate types.
  2. Calculate tip = bill * (tip_percent / 100).
  3. Use f-strings to display the final amount.

Expected Deliverables

Solve in Compiler